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Principia Ethica
''Principia Ethica'' is a 1903 book by the British philosopher G. E. Moore, a vastly influential work. Moore's insistence on the indefinability of "good" and his exposition of the so-called naturalistic fallacy were long regarded as path-breaking advances in moral philosophy, though they have been seen as less impressive and durable than Moore's contributions in other fields.〔
==Summary==
Moore insists that "good" is indefinable, and provides an exposition of what he calls the "naturalistic fallacy."〔 He defends the objectivity and multiplicity of values, arguing that knowledge of values cannot be derived from knowledge of facts, but only from intuition of the goodness of such states of affairs as beauty, pleasure, friendship and knowledge. In Moore's view, right acts are those producing the most good. However, he also believed that there are only various different sorts of things that are good, including knowledge and aesthetic experience. Moore argues against consequentialism. Moore's argument begins from the claim that "ordinary people" think they ought to do what they promised to do, not because of the probable consequences of breaking their promise, but simply because they promised. In thinking this way, they are not considering their moral duties in terms of consequences. The consequences of the actions lie in the future, but they are thinking more about the past (that is, about the promises they made).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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